谈谈“介词+关系代词”的用法，紧缩定语从句“介词+关系代词+不定式”的用法，定语...

知识点1:谈谈“介词+关系代词”的用法

Last week, I visited Shanghai, in which I have made several friends. —Last week, I visited Shanghai, where I have made several friends. 上周我参观了上海，在那儿我叫上几个朋友。[1]which,where,相关知识点

是around which还是around where[1]around单词记忆法◆记忆方法一：分析：a－－ 一个 round－－圆形的 记忆方法：以一个点为圆心画圆，圆周内的部分都在圆心的附近．◆记忆方法二：联想方式：a前缀（在）；round（圆）记忆方法：在圆的周围→大约在四周。查看详情>>是around which还是around where有这样一道题，答查看详情>>

I will remember the day forever on which I won the first place in the contest. —I will remember the day forever when I won the first place in the contest. 我将永远记住我在竞赛中获得第一名的那一天。


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知识点2:紧缩定语从句“介词+关系代词+不定式”的用法[2]定语,从句,相关知识点

place后接定语（从句）的特殊性[1]place单词记忆法◆记忆方法一：联想方式：pl—漂亮 a—一 ce—厕所这么漂亮一个地方做厕所，多可惜！◆记忆方法二：联想方式：pl—漂亮 a—一 ce—厕所记忆方法：这么漂亮一个地方做厕所，多可惜！查看详情>>place后接定语（从句）的特殊性■place 表示“地方”时，后接不及物动词的不定式作定语时，可以不用介词。如：[2]不及物查看详情>>

在阅读中我们经常可以见到以上这样的“介词+关系代词+不定式”形式，许多读者不明白它是什么结构，其实它就是一种紧缩了的定语从句。在正式文体中，当引导定语从句的关系代词用作介词的宾语时，有时可用“介词+关系代词+不定式”这样的结构来简化定语从句。比较：[3]不定式,宾语,相关知识点

there be+宾语+不定式there be+宾语+不定式■不定式通常表示动作尚未发生There was nobody to look after the child. 没有人照顾这孩子。There was a large crowd to send him off. 有一大群人要来给他送行。There was so much to lose that we couldn’t查看详情>>

She must have time in which she can grow calm.=She must have time in which to grow calm. 她必须有冷静下来时的时间。[4]must,have,相关知识点

must have V-ed ... 句型结构分析语法讲解：句子成分、什么句型句法，怎么用什么意思 They must have read the article. 他们一定读过这篇文章。 You must have seen him before. 你以前一定见过他。 He must have forgotten my name. 他一定忘了我的名字。 查看详情>>

Allow me one minute in which I can change my clothes.=Allow me one minute in which to change my clothes. 给我一点时间换衣服。
He was miserable unless he had neighbors with whom he could quarrel.=He was miserable unless he had neighbors with whom to quarrel. 他要是没有邻居吵架就难受。
She had some money in the bank, with which she could help her mother. =She had some money in the bank, with which to help her mother. 她银行里有些钱用来帮助她的母亲。[5]some money,some,相关知识点

在疑问句或否定句中要用any; some多用在肯定句中，如： I have some money to buy it.［误］ Do you have some lessone to prepare?［正］ Do you have any lessons to prepare?［析］ 在疑问句或否定句中要用any; some多用在肯定句中，如： I have some money查看详情>>

三、补充说明
对于“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构，若语义清楚，且结构恰当，有时可进一步省略其中的关系代词，而只保留介词和不定式（注意，此时介词要移至不定式之后，且当先行词为表时间的名词时，该介词通常省略）。如：[6]名词,代词,相关知识点

知识点1:由“名词(代词)+名词”构成的独立主格由“名词(代词)+名词”构成的独立主格大家知道，英语中的独立主格可以由“名词或代词+名词、形容词、副词、分词不、不定式等”构成。注意，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。本文主要介绍“名词或代词+名词”的用法。[1]用法,注意,相关知识点would rather的用法注意[1]would rather单词记忆法◆记忆方法一：查看详情>>

She must have time to grow calm (in). 她必须有冷静下来时的时间。
Allow me one minute to change my clothes (in). 给我一点时间换衣服。
He was miserable unless he had neighbors to quarrel with. 他要是没有邻居吵架就难受。
It’s reported that the city needs more land to build houses on. 据报道，这座城市需要更多的土地来建房。

四、特别提示
值得指出的是，“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构中的介词不能没有，并且该介词也不能位于不定式后面。如：
在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。
正：There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)
正：There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)
正：There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)
误：There the children had a garden which to play in.[7]children单词记忆法

◆记忆方法一：联想方式：chi:吃 ld:一根笛子 ren:人吃着一根笛子的那群人就是孩子们◆记忆方法二：联想方式：chi:吃 ld:一根笛子 ren:人记忆方法：吃着一根笛子的那群人就是孩子们查看详情>>